Traditional family values. The attitude of modern youth to family as a value

Family values ​​as a factor in the spiritual and moral education of a child

IN short dictionary According to philosophy, the concept of morality is equated to the concept of morality. “Morality (Latin mores-mores) - norms, principles, rules of behavior of people, as well as human behavior itself (motives of actions, results of activities), feelings, judgments, which express the normative regulation of people’s relations with each other and the social whole (collective , class, people, society)".

IN AND. Dahl interpreted the word morality as “moral teaching, rules for the will, conscience of a person.” He believed: “Moral is the opposite of the bodily, carnal, spiritual, spiritual. The moral life of a person is more important than the material life.”

The issue of spiritual and moral education of children is one of the key problems facing every parent, society and the state as a whole. A negative situation has developed in society regarding the issue of spiritual and moral education younger generation. The characteristic reasons for this situation were: the lack of clear positive life guidelines for the younger generation, a sharp deterioration in the moral situation in society, and a decline in cultural and leisure work with children and youth.

The primary task of the teacher, his sacred duty is to introduce the child, the student, into the spiritual and moral world, without the comprehension of which life is like highest value loses its meaning.

It is known that in the younger school age the foundation of human personality is laid. Proper upbringing of a child during this period of life in a family environment is extremely important. Therefore, it is advisable to search for effective ways to educate younger schoolchildren in the family.

One of the reasons for the crisis in the spiritual and moral sphere modern society is the destruction of traditional family foundations. Crisis phenomena in family life are diverse/

For a child, a family is the place of his birth and formation. It is in the family that the child receives the basics of knowledge about the world around him, and with the high cultural and educational potential of the parents, he continues to receive not only the basics, but also culture itself throughout his life. Family is a certain moral and psychological climate, it is a school of relationships with people. It is in the family that the child’s ideas about good and evil, about decency, about respect for material and spiritual values ​​are formed. With close people in the family, he experiences feelings of love, friendship, duty, responsibility, justice...

In raising children, the family cannot be replaced by any other social institution; it plays an exceptional role in promoting the formation of a child’s personality. In family communication, a person learns to overcome his sinful egoism; in the family he learns “what is good and what is bad.”

I.A. Ilyin calls the family “the primary womb of human culture”

In the family, a feeling of living continuity of generations is born, a feeling of involvement in the history of one’s people, the past, present and future of one’s Motherland.

The modern order of life is completely different; it provokes the destruction of traditional family connections. For both men and women, work, success in the professional field, and the desire for prosperity are becoming increasingly important. Modern parents have neither physical nor mental strength left to raise children. And even believers often do not perceive communication with their spouse and children as something spiritually significant in life.

Unfortunately, families do not always teach children the ability to be compassionate, friendly and welcoming. Families often lack favorable living conditions, this is a consequence of unemployment and non-payment of wages. The catastrophic lack of money intensified the negative processes in rural life (drunkenness, alcoholism, family scandals), and the contradictions between the educational system of the school and the socio-economic life of the village intensified. In these conditions, it is simply necessary to look for new ways and methods of education.

There is only one way out of the current crisis situation: to help strengthen the family through:

1. recovery in public consciousness traditional values ​​of marriage, family, prestige of motherhood and fatherhood;

2. revival of domestic cultural, historical and religious traditions.

How did the traditional family structure enable people not to waste their vitality, to increase it, to share it with their weak neighbors?

Help us answer this question a brief description of components of the family structure. Traditional family life includes five components:

1. customs (established, habitual forms of behavior),

2. traditions (passed from generation to generation, a way of transmitting the value-significant content of culture and family life),

3. relationships: heartfelt feelings and moods,

4. rules (way of thinking, norms of behavior, customs, habits) of a good and pious life,

5. routine (established order in the course of affairs) of the day, week, year; in Russian Orthodox culture, this routine was determined by the structure of a Christian’s pious life, the range of church services, and seasonal changes in everyday life and work.

Academician of the Russian Academy of Education G.N. Volkov wrote: “Without memory there are no traditions, without education there is no spirituality, without spirituality there is no personality, without personality there is no people as a historical community.” Man is a link connecting at least three centuries. Grandfathers and grandmothers lived with their parents in that century, we remember them. In this century we live with our parents and children, and in the next century our grandchildren will live with their parents and children.

Goal: creating conditions for spiritual and moral support of the family in matters of family education, restoration of the traditional way of life, revival of the best domestic traditions of family education.

I use it in my work methodological development program “Family”, in which one of the directions is spiritual and moral education, which includes the following sections: “Me and my family”, “Folklore”, “ National holidays" These sections are closely related to projects where the child works together with his parents.

I. "Me and my family."

First of all, it is communication with parents and grandparents, which cannot be replaced by even the most modern computer. Today we are increasingly turning to the experience of our ancestors, to the origins of public education and upbringing.

Topics for projects:

-"Family album"

-"The story of my family"

-"My family traditions"

- “My pedigree”

II. "Folklore". Passed on from generation to generation orally and later in written form, folk culture has preserved labor, family, holiday and pedagogical traditions. Nikolai Alekseevich Nekrasov wrote: “Russian songs, legends, proverbs..... finally, Russian fairy tales, without a doubt, deserve great attention: they are the memory of our long past, they are the repository of the Russian people.” For every nation, even the simplest lullaby reveals its character, way of life, and customs.

At meetings of the “Children’s Folklore” club, we get to know different genres with children children's folklore. Then we are working on the project: “Folklore of our grandparents.”

III. "People's holidays". In this section, the guys carry out research work: “ Folk signs weather and harvest”, “Maslenitsa”, “Christmas”, “Easter”, which reveal the customs of our ancestors. The children present these research papers at parent-teacher meetings. Continuing to work in this direction, I want to cultivate spirituality in every child. It has long been believed that the strength and greatness of the Russian people lies in their spirituality, which means, first of all, the moral, just foundations of life, freedom of thought and creativity, moral norms of human behavior in society illuminated by Orthodoxy, the priority of good over evil.

Spirituality is tolerance, love and respect for a person as an intrinsic value, it is pride in one’s people, in one’s Motherland, and the protection of its interests.

Olga Kozoriz
Family values ​​- revival of traditions and spiritual culture in the family

Appeal to the experience of Orthodox pedagogy at the present time, when the search is underway spiritual revival of Russia, is especially relevant, since society and the state are in dire need of educational models that provide spiritually-moral components of the content of education.

Today spiritually-moral education is supposed to be built on basic national values(patriotism, social solidarity, citizenship, family, personality, work and creativity, science, traditional religions, art and literature, nature, humanity, passed down from generation to generation and ensuring the successful development of the country in modern conditions. Basic national values, being priority moral guidelines, exist in cultural, family, socio-historical and religious traditions.

A problem arises: how to make sure that a child is internally free and externally educated? If we want children in the future to love their country and strive to make life there better, it is necessary to lay the foundation for this love. The child must first of all learn the best that his compatriots have achieved and understand that these achievements are the result of the work of individual people in different fields.

In our kindergarten one of the areas of work is spiritual moral, patriotic education.

The educational system in this area ensures the unity of educational, developmental and training goals and objectives and passes through all forms of work with children.

Target:

Create conditions for spiritually-moral development of the child in close cooperation with the preschool educational institution family And public organizations.

Tasks:

1. To foster in children a sense of love and affection for family, small Motherland, native country.

2. Expand ideas about culture, Orthodox holidays and folk traditions of his people.

3. Promote the formation spiritually – moral qualities in the process of establishing positive interpersonal relationships. To cultivate responsiveness, sociability, and friendliness in children.

4. Involve parents in educational activities By spiritually- moral education of children.

5. Expand relations with public organizations on this issue.

Inheritance values ​​of folk culture

In the most tender age- there is the most natural,

The right way to foster love for the Motherland and Fatherland.”V. A. Sukhomlinsky

Family for a child it is a source of social experience.

Here he finds role models and here his social birth takes place.

And if we want to raise a morally healthy generation, we must solve this problem "the whole world": kindergarten, family, public. (S. V. Glebova)

No. 761 “On the national strategy of action in the interests of children for 2012 - 2017” is declared an absolute priority family and family

values.

Children must become active participants in the implementation of these critical tasks aimed at revival and all-round strengthening the social institution families, family values ​​and traditions like the basics Russian society and states.

Educational attempts made to date spiritually-moral personality show that the weakest point in this activity is family. Conducted surveys and conversations with parents showed that the majority of the parents of our students consider themselves Orthodox people, but they have a poor understanding of Orthodox teachings and do not often go to church. In addition, parents have very little knowledge about age characteristics children, about education, about folk pedagogy.

Therefore, it is necessary to help parents realize that, first of all, family moral and spiritual customs and values that parents are responsible for raising children. Practice on spiritually– moral education shows that working with family needs to be given primary attention. Our task is to help parents realize that it is parents who are primarily responsible for raising their children.

Word « traditions» translated from Latin as "broadcast", "continuity".

Many traditions previous generations in our country were lost due to the political system. But tradition is always revived in that case, when a number of elements are endowed sound of value. Exactly this revival Orthodox tradition we are watching now.

Since ancient times traditional family the way of life helped the child to experience life in its various manifestations and taught him to get involved in life to the best of his strength and abilities. The girl adopted her mother's style of behavior in family, learned to build relationships with other members families, submitting to the unconditional authority of a man - the head families.

What are they for? traditions? What do they give the child?

Firstly, it’s pride in one’s family, secondly - unforgettable impressions, thirdly - stability in family.

What's happened family values? Real estate and bank account or something else? You need to know the answer to this question, since the presence family values- this is the most important factor in sustainable development families and the well-being of each of its members.

For each of its members family is a school of love, constant readiness to give oneself to others, to take care of them, to protect them. Based on the mutual love of spouses, parental love is born, the reciprocal love of children for their parents, grandparents, brothers and sisters.

Joy and sorrow in a spiritually healthy family becomes common: all events family life unite, strengthen and deepen the feeling of mutual love.

Orthodox family- heiress of moral and spiritual customs and values created by grandfathers, great-grandfathers and ancestors. Family, being the heiress and custodian spiritual and moral traditions, most of all, educates children with their way of life, with an understanding of the need not only to preserve, but also to multiply what we inherited from previous generations.

The boy was also aware of his responsibility for family, was involved in work activity, was part of the existing system of relationships. At the age of 7 he participated in cultivating arable land, at 8-9 he harvested grain and fed livestock, at 14 he wielded a scythe, sickle, and hammer. The merits of a young man were considered to be agility, strength, sobriety, hard work, intelligence and ingenuity - qualities necessary for successful work.

Thus, children mastered family labor responsibilities, mastered practical skills, understood their functions in adult life. Parental family served for them as a prototype of the future life structure.

Honoring parents and obeying them was perceived by children as a necessary condition for successful growing up. Fathers had a particularly great influence on children. The father was especially respected by the children; they saw him as the source of everything useful and good. The father's authority was supported by the mother.

Responsibility family is, first of all, in the transfer of all linguistic wealth from older generations to younger ones,

from parents to children.

Orthodox education does not contradict the tasks of secular education, but enriches and complements the educational process with unique traditions Russian pedagogy and brings a special spirituality.

In our children. the garden was created "hut", where children get acquainted with the objects of the fishing activity of our ancestors. Admiring museum exhibits, children are imbued with a feeling of gratitude and respect.

Throughout the year, many holidays are held in our kindergarten. Autumn rush, Mother's Day, New Year, Christmas, Christmastide, February 2, Defenders of the Fatherland, Maslenitsa.

A Orthodox holidays- these are special holidays. Beforehand, the children are explained in detail some traditions, customs, words related directly to this holiday. Children are introduced to stories about the earthly life of Christ that are understandable to them. We are building educational process taking into account the level of moral, spiritual and social development of children.

(Thematic classes, project activities, research, conversations, reading literature, looking at illustrations, listening to audio recordings). To form the moral qualities of a preschool child’s personality age in kindergarten, we use the following methods:

1. Conversation. When talking with children, teachers encourage them to think and talk.

2. Reading and analysis works of art, for example, L. N. Tolstoy "Two Comrades", "Father and Sons" "Grandfather and Grandson",A. Kuznetsova “We quarreled”, K. D. Ushinsky “Know how to wait”, A. Barto “Assistant”. The aesthetic background to our classes is created by poems, riddles, and songs, included both in the main part and in additional work with children. Literary material indispensable in spiritually- moral education of the child, since it is easier for children to evaluate the behavior and actions of others than their own. For the comprehensive development of personality, we include children in various activities related to fiction. For example, the guys create their own drawings based on fairy tales and stories, and we organize exhibitions of their works.

3. Game. It is known that in preschool age The closest and most understandable activity for a child is play. When working with children, we use collective games-activities, games-exercises, games-dramatization, games-fairy tales, and role-playing games. With the help of the game you can solve a variety of correctional tasks: the same game for one child can be a means of overcoming fear and increasing self-esteem; for another - a means of providing a tonic effect, for a third - a school for the development of moral feelings, humane relations with peers. We play games like this and exercises:"Let's greet each other"; “Choose a picture for "Fine" And "Badly"»; “Make a list of your responsibilities from pictures for your home and garden” (teamwork in a group or pair); “Remember what actions you have done this day”, “Draw and tell about them”; Help the guys make up "Dictionary of Polite Words"; They came to you guests: a game "Guest - host"; "You're in the theater"; "Talking on the phone"; “Draw a gift for a friend (to mom)»; "At the birthday party"; "Name Day"; “If a friend feels bad...”

Maslenitsa - the most mischievous and delicious spring holiday. And children, as you know, know how to rejoice and have fun better than adults, especially if the occasion for fun is the most pancake holiday - Maslenitsa.

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Environmental education. Expanding the topic spiritually moral education, we instill in children a love of To my native land through getting to know the outside world.

For the holiday, children make gifts, decorations, learn poems, songs, and dances. In joint activities, children more easily understand the rules of a good and pious life. Moral and labor direction (all types of labor, productive activities) The work of a preschool child is small and uncomplicated. However, it is necessary for the formation of his personality.

All children, teachers and parents acquired certain knowledge!

Have the necessary knowledge and ideas about moral rules and norms of behavior

Express feelings of empathy and mercy.

Show interest, attention and care towards others and provide assistance to others

PARENTS:

Gained knowledge about family and folk traditions, holidays;

Fortified inter-family and intra-family connections;

Learned how to organize family holidays and create family archives.

The main indicator of the quality of work of a preschool educational institution is "graduate model"

merciful, hardworking, kind, active, independent, emotionally responsive, loving loved ones, his homeland, his people who revere him traditions and culture.

In the evening the light burned in the lamp

The angel, our guardian, looked at the child.

Children's prayer - its words are simple,

Spoken from the heart, light and pure.

“Lord, have mercy, save my mother,

Help all people - they are kind!

Give your grandmother health for many days,

So that tomorrow morning

We went to the temple with her!

Who is sick now, who is having a hard time,

Lord, have mercy, don’t leave him!”