A.V. Druzhinin "Oblomov". Roman I.L. Goncharova<…>"Oblomov's Dream"! - this most magnificent episode, which will remain in our literature for eternity, was the first, powerful step towards understanding Oblomov with his Oblomovism. A novelist eager to solve questions,

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26. Andrei Stolts is the antipode of Oblomov (based on the novel “Oblomov” by I. A. Goncharov) Andrei Stolts is Oblomov’s closest friend, they grew up together and carried their friendship through life. It remains a mystery how such dissimilar people with such different views on life could

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What is Oblomovism? “Oblomov”, novel by I. A. Goncharov. "Domestic Notes", 1859, No. I-IV Where is the one who would native language would the Russian soul be able to tell us this almighty word “forward”? Eyelids pass after eyelids, half a million Sidneys, louts and blockheads sleep soundly,

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Bykova N. G. I. A. Goncharov’s novel “Oblomov” In 1859, the magazine “Otechestvennye zapiski” published I. A. Goncharov’s novel “Oblomov”. In terms of clarity of problems and conclusions, integrity and clarity of style, compositional completeness and harmony, the novel is the pinnacle of creativity.

"An ordinary story" and "Oblomov" the last novel occupies a special place and is the most famous.

Briefly about the novel

Goncharov had the idea for a new work back in 1847, but the reader had to wait another 10 years for the appearance of this novel, which was published in its entirety in 1859 and brought the author enormous success. The peculiarity of this work is that Ivan Andreevich, for the first time in Russian literature, examined a person’s life from birth to death. The hero himself, his life - main topic works, which is why it is named after his last name - “Oblomov”. It belongs to the category of “speaking”, since its bearer, “a decrepit fragment of childbirth,” reminds us famous hero the epics of Ilya Muromets, who lay on the stove until he was 33 years old (when we meet Oblomov, he was also about 32-33 years old). However, the epic hero, after getting up from the stove, did many great things, and Ilya Ilyich remained lying on the sofa. Goncharov uses the repetition of the name and patronymic, as if emphasizing by this that life goes in an established circle, the son repeats the fate of his father.

Love in the novel "Oblomov", as in many other Russian novels, is one of the main themes. Here, as in many works, it is the spiritual development of the heroes. Let's analyze in detail Oblomov's love in the novel "Oblomov".

Love for Olga

Let's start our discussion with the relationship between Ilya Ilyich and Olga. Love in Oblomov's life, short description The relationship between the characters, which we present to you in this article, can be divided into two parts: Ilya Ilyich’s feelings for Olga Ilyinskaya and for Agafya Matveevna.

Olga was the main character's first lover. Feelings for Olga bring him happiness, revive him, at the same time making him suffer, since with the departure of love, Oblomov loses the desire to live.

A bright feeling for Olga comes to the hero suddenly and completely absorbs him. It ignites his passive soul, for which such strong shocks were new. Oblomov is used to burying all his feelings somewhere deep in the subconscious, and love awakens them, revives him to a new life.

Never thinking that he could fall in love with a girl like Olga, the hero with his romantic and bright soul passionately falls in love with her.

Is this real love

Olga manages to change Ilya Ilyich’s character - to knock boredom and laziness out of him. For the sake of his beloved, he is ready to change: give up an afternoon nap, lunch, read books. However, this does not mean that Ilya Ilyich really wanted this. The hero is characterized by Oblomovism, an integral part of him.

In a dream, as is known, desires and motives hidden in the subconscious are revealed. Turning to the chapter, we see what this hero really needs. His companion should be a quiet, homely girl, but not Olga, who strives for self-development and an active life. And Oblomov writes to her that I “love” her - not real, but future love. And indeed, Olga loves not the one who is in front of her, but the one he will become, having overcome his apathy and laziness. Noting, he warns Olga, writes that they need to break up and not meet again. However, as Ilya Ilyich predicted in his letter (“you will be annoyed and ashamed of your mistake”), the heroine cheated on Oblomov, falling in love with Andrei Stolz. Does this mean that her love was just an introduction to a future romance, an expectation of real happiness? After all, she is unselfish, pure, selfless. Olga believes that she really loves Oblomov.

Olga's Love

At first, this heroine, who does not enjoy much attention among gentlemen, seems to us like an adult child. However, it was she who was able to pull Oblomov out of the pool of his inaction, at least temporarily returning him to life. Stolz noticed her first. He joked, laughed, entertained the girl, recommended the right books, in general, did not let her get bored. He was really interested in her, but Andrei remained only a teacher and mentor. Oblomov was attracted to her by her voice and the fold above her forehead, in which, as he put it, “perseverance nests.” Olga loves in Ilya Ilyich the mind, although it is crushed by “all sorts of rubbish” and has fallen asleep in idleness, as well as a pure, faithful heart. Self-confident and bright, she dreamed that she would force the hero to read newspapers, books, tell the news, discover true life and not let him fall asleep again. Oblomov fell in love when Olga sang Casta Diva at his first reception with the Ilyinskys. A unique symbol of their love was the lilac branch mentioned several times on the pages of the novel, either on Olga’s embroidery during a meeting in the park, or abandoned by the heroine and picked up by Ilya Ilyich.

The end of the novel

But this love in Oblomov’s novel was frightening for him; Oblomovism turns out to be stronger than such high and sincere feelings. She is consumed by the desire to create and act - such an inappropriate image for Oblomov, and the lovers are forced to end the relationship without ceasing to love each other. The love of Olga and Oblomov was doomed from the very beginning. Olga Ilyinskaya and Ilya Ilyich understood family happiness, love, and the meaning of life differently. If for the hero the relationship between a man and a woman is a passion, a disease, then for Olga it is a duty. Oblomov loved her sincerely and deeply, gave her all of himself, idolized her. A consistent calculation was noticeable in the heroine’s feelings. She took Oblomov’s life into her own hands, having agreed with Stolz. Despite her youth, she managed to discern in him a kind soul, an open heart, and “dovelike tenderness.” At the same time, Olga liked the knowledge that she, an inexperienced young girl, would bring back to life a person like Oblomov. The gap between them is inevitable and natural: they are too dissimilar in nature. This Oblomov love story was thus completed. The thirst for a sleepy, serene state turned out to be more valuable than romantic happiness. Oblomov sees the ideal of existence as follows: “man sleeps serenely.”

New lover

With her departure, the main character still doesn’t find anything to do with what he has left and again lies idle all day long and sleeps on his favorite sofa in St. Petersburg, in the house of the owner Agafya Pshenitsyna. She attracted the hero with her full bare elbows, neck and thriftiness. The new beloved was hardworking, but not very smart (“she looked at him blankly and was silent”), but she was an excellent cook and kept order.

Novaya Oblomovka

Having gotten used to the measured and unhurried rhythm of life of this housewife, over time Ilya Ilyich will humble the impulses of his heart and begin again. All his desires, as before meeting Olga, will be limited to food, sleep, empty rare conversations with the businesslike Agafya Matveevna. The writer contrasts her with Olga: a faithful, kind wife, an excellent housewife, but she has no height of soul. Ilya Ilyich, plunging into the simple semi-rural life in the house of this mistress, seemed to have found himself in the old Oblomovka. Slowly and lazily dying in his soul, he falls in love with Pshenitsyna.

Lyubov Pshenitsyna

And what about Agafya Matveevna herself? Is this what her love is? No, she is loyal, selfless. In her feeling, the heroine is ready to drown, to give all the fruits of her labors, all her strength to Oblomov. For his sake, she sold some of her jewelry, gold chains and jewelry, when Tarantiev cunningly forced Ilya Ilyich to pay him a large sum in the amount of ten thousand monthly. One gets the impression that Agafya Matveevna’s entire previous life was spent waiting for the appearance of a person whom she could take care of like a son, whom she could love devotedly and selflessly. Main character the work is exactly like this: he is soft, kind - this touches the female heart, accustomed to the ignorance and rudeness of men; he is lazy - this allows him to be taken care of and looked after like a child.

Before Oblomov, Pshenitsyna did not live, but existed without thinking about anything. She was uneducated, even stupid. She was not interested in anything other than housekeeping. However, in this she achieved true perfection. Agafya was constantly on the move, realizing that there was always work. It contained the meaning and content of the heroine’s entire life. It was precisely this activity that Pshenitsyna owed to the fact that she captivated Ilya Ilyich. Gradually, after her lover settled in her house, significant changes occur in the nature of this woman. Lyubov Oblomov in the novel "Oblomov" contributes to the spiritual elevation of the heroine. Glimpses of thought, anxiety and, finally, love awaken within her. She expresses it in her own way, caring for Ilya during his illness, taking care of the table and clothes, praying for his health.

New feelings

This love in Oblomov’s life did not have the passion and sensuality that were present in his relationship with Olga. However, it was precisely these feelings that fully corresponded to Oblomovism. It was this heroine who repaired his favorite “oriental robe”, which Oblomov abandoned after falling in love with Olga.

If Ilyinskaya contributed to the spiritual development of Ilya Ilyich, then Pshenitsyna made his life calmer and more carefree, without informing him about his problems with money. He received care from her, but Olga wanted his development, wanted him to communicate with people, appear in society, understand politics and discuss the news. The hero could not, and did not want, to do everything that Olga wanted, and therefore gave up. And Agafya Matveevna created a new Oblomovka in St. Petersburg, caring for him and protecting him. Such love in Oblomov’s novel for Pshenitsyna completely satisfied his needs. Just like in Ilya Ilyich’s home, on the Vyborg side the sound of knives could be heard all the time.

Opinion of Andrey Stolts

To Andrei Stoltz, Oblomov’s friend, this love in Oblomov’s life is incomprehensible. He was an active person, the order of Oblomovka, her lazy home comfort, and even more so the woman coarsened in her environment, were alien to him. Olga Ilyinskaya is Stolz’s ideal, romantic, subtle, wise. There is not a shadow of coquetry in her. Andrey offers Olga his hand and heart - and she agrees. His feelings were disinterested and pure; he did not seek any benefit, despite the fact that he was a restless “businessman”.

Ilya Ilyich about the life of Stolz

In turn, Ilya Ilyich does not understand the life of Andrei Stolts. The title character of the work continues the gallery of “extra people” opened by M.Yu. Lermontov and A.S. Pushkin. He avoids secular society, does not serve, leads an aimless life. Ilya Ilyich does not see any point in vigorous activity, since he does not consider it true manifestation essence of man. He did not want a bureaucratic career, mired in paperwork, and denied the high society, where everything is false, learned by heart, hypocritical, there is neither free thought nor sincere feelings.

Marriage of Stolz and Olga

While the relationship between Oblomov and Pshenitsyna is close to life and natural, it should be noted that the marriage of Stolz and Olga is utopian. In this sense, Oblomov turns out to be, oddly enough, closer to reality than such a seemingly obvious realist Stolz. Andrey lives in Crimea with his beloved; in their house there is a place for both things necessary for work and romantic trinkets. Even in love, they are surrounded by a perfect balance: the passion subsided after marriage, but did not fade away.

Olga's inner world

However, Stolz has no idea what riches Olga’s sublime soul conceals. She outgrew it spiritually, because she did not stubbornly strive for one specific goal, but saw different paths and chose independently which one to follow. Having chosen Stolz, she wanted to find an equal husband or even a life partner who was trying to subjugate her with his power. At first, Ilyinskaya really finds happiness in his face, but as they get to know each other better, she begins to realize that there is nothing special in such a life, that she is exactly the same as everyone else. Stolz lives exclusively by reason, not interested in anything other than business.

A trace in Olga's soul

The love of Olga and Oblomov left a huge mark in the heart of the heroine. She sought to love and understand Oblomov’s life, since for her life is love, and love is duty, but she failed to do this. After marriage, Ilyinskaya feels in her life some features of Oblomov’s former idyll, and this observation alarms the heroine; she does not want to live like that. However, the love of Stolz and Olga is the feelings of two developing people who help each other in everything, and they must certainly find a way out in order to continue searching for their own path.

Ilya Ilyich

In order to characterize the main character as a whole, as well as the love in Oblomov’s life, different quotes from the text can be given. The following one is especially interesting: “What a fuss is there! And outside everything is so quiet and peaceful!” Andrey and Olga believe that if you lie calmly on the sofa and don’t run like mad through life, then you are certainly lazy and don’t think about anything. However, such battles took place in Oblomov’s soul that Ilyinskaya could not imagine. He thought about such complex questions, his thoughts went so far that Stolz would have gone mad. Ilya didn’t need a wife who throws hysterics and doesn’t know what she wants. In the depths of his soul, he was looking for a companion whom not only Ilya Ilyich himself would love, but who, for her part, accepted him as he was, without trying to change him. This is the ideal love in Oblomov’s life.

So it turns out that the hero loved Olga sincerely, in a way that no one else loved and could love, and she wanted to heal him, and then, when he was on the same “level” with her, to love him. And Ilyinskaya paid dearly for this when Oblomov died, she realized that she loved him exactly as he was, with all his obvious shortcomings.

The role of love in the life of a hero

The role of love in Oblomov’s life, therefore, was very great. She, according to the author, is the most important driving force, without which it is impossible to spiritual development people, nor their happiness. As I.A. believed Goncharov, love in Oblomov’s life was an important stage in his internal development, which is why it is given so much space in the development of the novel.

Ivan Goncharov’s novel “Oblomov” was published in 1859, almost immediately exciting the writer’s contemporaries and interested critics in the complexity of the characters described and the ambiguity of the questions raised by the author. One of the leitmotifs of the novel is the theme of love, most clearly revealed through the image of the main character - Ilya Ilyich Oblomov. The reader is introduced to the character at the very beginning of the work as a dreamy, apathetic, lazy person who does not want to do anything. And if it weren’t for the feeling that suddenly flared up for Olga Ilyinskaya, most likely nothing significant would have happened in the hero’s fate. Oblomov’s love for Olga in his life became the turning point when a person must choose: to move on or leave everything as it is. Ilya Ilyich was not ready to change, so their relationship ended in separation. But spontaneous feelings were replaced by a quiet, peaceful life in the house of Agafya Pshenitsyna, which, nevertheless, led to the early death of Ilya Ilyich.

Oblomov’s two loves in Goncharov’s novel embodied two female images, two examples of the realization of feelings for to a loved one and two paths for the main character that had a tragic ending. Why was not a single woman able to pull Ilya Ilyich out of the swamp of “Oblomovism”? The answer lies in the characteristics of the characters of the heroines and the life priorities of Oblomov himself.

Oblomov and Olga Ilyinskaya

Olga and Oblomov’s feelings developed rapidly, almost from their first acquaintance the heroes felt attracted to each other: Ilya Ilyich was fascinated by Ilyinskaya’s harmony, intelligence and inner beauty, and the girl was attracted by the kindness, complaisance and tenderness of the man. And it would seem that the strong feelings that flared up between the characters could develop and become a help for a happy family life. However, differences in the characters of the heroes and different visions of the ideal life together led to the quick separation of Oblomov and Olga.

Ilya Ilyich saw in the girl the ideal of an “Oblomov” woman, capable of creating for him a calm home comfort, a life in which every day would be similar to the other, and that would be good - no shocks, misfortunes or worries. For Olga, this state of affairs was not only unacceptable, but also terrifying. The girl dreamed of changing Oblomov, eradicating all apathy and laziness in him, making him a bright, forward-striving, active person. For Olga, the feelings themselves gradually faded into the background, while the leading role in the relationship became duty and the “highest” goal - to make Oblomov some semblance of her ideal. But Ilya Ilyich, perhaps due to his sensitivity, and perhaps because he was much older than the girl, was the first to understand that he could become a burden for her, a ballast that would pull her towards the hated “Oblomovism” and would not be able to give her that happiness which she dreams of.

The relationship between Oblomov and Olga Ilyinskaya was a spontaneous but fleeting feeling, as evidenced by the fact that they met in the spring and separated in late autumn. Their love was truly like a fragile lilac branch, which, having given the world its beauty, inevitably fades.

Oblomov and Agafya Pshenitsyna

The relationship between Oblomov and Agafya Pshenitsyna had a completely different character than the stormy, bright, memorable love between Ilya Ilyich and Olga. For the hero, the care of the soft, quiet, kind and thrifty Agafya acted as a healing balm, helping to restore mental strength after the tragic break with Ilyinskaya. Gradually, without noticing it, Oblomov fell in love with Pshenitsyna, and the woman fell in love with Ilya Ilyich. Unlike Olga, Agafya did not try to idealize her husband, she adored him for who he was, she was even ready to pawn her own jewelry so that he would not need anything, would always be well-fed and surrounded by warmth and comfort.

The love of Agafya and Oblomov became the very reflection of the hero’s illusions and dreams, to which he devoted many years, lying on the sofa in his apartment. Peace and tranquility, bordering on personality degradation, complete detachment from the outside world and gradual dying, were the main life goal hero, that same Oblomov “paradise” without which he felt unfulfilled and unhappy, but which ultimately destroyed him.

Oblomov, Agafya and Olga: the intersection of three destinies

Olga and Agafya in the novel “Oblomov” - two contrasted by the author female characters. Ilyinskaya is the image of a modern, future-oriented, feminized girl who has her own personal opinion on everything, while Pshenitsyna is the embodiment of a truly Russian woman, a homemaker who obeys her husband in everything. For Olga, love was closely connected with a sense of duty, the obligation to change Oblomov, while Agafya adored Ilya Ilyich, without even thinking that she might not like anything about him.
Oblomov’s love for two important women in his life was also different. The hero felt a really strong feeling for Olga, completely enveloping him, which forced him to even temporarily abandon his usual, lazy way of life and begin to act. For Agafya, he had a completely different love - similar to a feeling of gratitude and respect, calm and not disturbing the soul, like their whole life together.

Love for Olga was a challenge for Oblomov, a kind of test, after passing which he, even if the lovers had separated anyway, might have been able to change, freeing himself from the shackles of “Oblomovism” and starting to live a full, active life. The hero did not want to change, did not want to give up his dreams and illusions, and that is why he remains with Pshenitsyna, even when Stolz offers to take him with him.

Conclusion

The main reason for Ilya Ilyich’s wallowing in “Oblomovism” and the gradual disintegration of him as a person lie not in Agafya’s excessive concern, but in the hero himself. Already at the beginning of the work, he does not behave like a person interested in the world around him, his soul has long lived in the world of dreams, and he himself does not even try to return to real life. Love, as a reviving feeling, should have awakened the hero, freed him from Oblomov’s half-asleep, however, it was already too late (remember the words of Olga, who said that he had died a long time ago). Depicting Oblomov’s love for Olga, and then for Agafya, Goncharov provides the reader with a wide field for reflection on the nature and meaning of love in the life of every person, the importance of this feeling in the fate of the reader himself.

The presented material will be useful to 10th grade students before writing an essay on the topic “Love in the life of Oblomov.”

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